Why teeth become transparent: causes, dangers and methods of control

Transparency of enamel: figuring out what is normal and what is pathology

It is considered a physiological norm when the cutting edges of the front teeth in adults and children are slightly transparent at the tips, because there is no underlying dentin in these areas1. At the same time, with age, the degree of transparency increases more and more due to grinding of the enamel, its abrasion, wear and thinning. However, if the teeth at one point acquired an unhealthy shine and literally became glassy, or their color changed (usually, dentin, which has a greyish, yellow, milky or brownish tint, begins to show through through the worn-off enamel), then this already indicates a pathological condition requiring consultation with a doctor.

Important! Transparent baby teeth in a child should be a reason to visit a dentist. When the phenomenon is present not only at the ends, but reaches the middle of the coronal part, this may indicate the development of a disease such as hypoplasia.

What to do if your teeth become transparent? Causes of thinning enamel and ways to restore it

When there are no signs of a pathological process and the integrity of the crowns is not compromised, and the teeth have become transparent, there is a reason to consult a specialist. There are many reasons for this phenomenon, and it is impossible to do without professional diagnostics. As a rule, such an anomaly indicates severe thinning of the enamel. Often in such cases, hyperesthesia occurs, that is, increased sensitivity. So why do teeth become transparent and what to do about it - read more about this later in this article.

When enamel transparency is a sign of dental problems

Some experts assure: if the teeth are transparent at the ends, this does not always indicate a physiological norm; it may indicate the beginning of development or the presence of serious diseases and dental problems, which without treatment will lead to rapid abrasion and destruction of tissue. This symptom can appear with malocclusion pathologies, bruxism, fluorosis, and hypoplasia.

Carefully! Transparency of enamel may be one of the characteristic signs of pathological tissue abrasion. The pathology occurs in 12% of adults and can lead to dentin exposure, serious disruption of the aesthetics of a smile, dysfunction of the maxillofacial apparatus and diseases of the temporomandibular joint.

The order of eruption of baby teeth.

The first teeth that a child begins to erupt at the age of 5 - 8 months on the lower jaw are the deciduous incisors. Next, the central primary incisors on the upper jaw begin to appear. At the age of 9 - 13 months, the lateral incisors on the upper and lower jaws erupt. At the age of 13 - 19 months, the first chewing teeth (first primary molars) are cut on the upper and lower jaws. A gap is formed between the lateral incisors and molars, during which the primary canine begins to erupt at 16 months. The last to begin to emerge is the second chewing tooth (second primary molar), first on the lower jaw, then on the upper jaw. By age 3, a full set of baby teeth should have formed.

Causes of Unhealthy Transparency

The enamel becomes transparent because its thickness decreases. This happens under the influence of various factors. So, let’s look at why the teeth became transparent:

lack of calcium, phosphorus and fluorine in the body: poor nutrition, living in environmentally unfavorable areas can contribute to this,
improper oral hygiene technique and the use of hygiene products that are not suitable specifically for you: the problem is sooner or later faced by people who constantly injure hard tissues with hard brushes, abrasive pastes, sudden and chaotic movements during brushing,
abuse of whitening procedures: in pursuit of a snow-white smile, many forget that any whitening agent (even professional) is quite aggressive,
consumption of foods containing a lot of sugar and acid, love of carbonated drinks, freshly squeezed juices in large quantities,
gastrointestinal diseases that increase acidity: for example, gastritis, heartburn,
accumulation of a large amount of bacterial plaque: if deposits are not removed in a timely manner, then, firstly, they prevent the saturation of the enamel with oxygen. Secondly, microorganisms multiply in them, which literally corrode and demineralize hard tissues,
taking antibiotics and drugs of the tetracycline group,
mechanical injuries and bad habits: for example, opening bottles with teeth, chewing seeds,
smoking.

Heredity may also be to blame for the fact that you have this pathology.

Tips for caring for enamel

To prevent any dental problems, doctors recommend adhering to the following rules on an ongoing basis:

Brush your teeth twice a day.
For this purpose, use only high-quality and properly selected hygiene products.
Eat solid foods that can enrich the body with useful substances and stimulate the proper functioning of the jaw apparatus.
Reduce the amount of sugar-containing foods and drinks in your diet. Avoid chewing gum.
After each meal, you should rinse your mouth with clean water or special solutions.
After 3-4 months, change your toothbrush to a new one, choosing the right hardness. The best option is medium.
Massage your gums in the morning and evening.
Do not use whitening pastes or similar recipes for home use.
Visit your dentist's office twice a year for a professional examination of all surfaces and timely identification of emerging problems.
It is advisable to give up bad habits, especially smoking.

Why is pathology dangerous?

If the tooth enamel has become transparent due to the factors listed above, then this condition is dangerous. And even if you don’t notice any external problems, except aesthetic ones, now, this does not mean that they will not appear in the near future. With this phenomenon, the fragility of hard tissues increases and their susceptibility to any type of impact: mechanical damage, infection. Thus, a tooth under slight load or pressure can unexpectedly break, chip, or cracks may appear on it. Or he will very quickly be affected by caries, which progresses to pulpitis or periodontitis.

The sensitivity of teeth to the temperature of food also increases: they can begin to ache from cold or hot. The reaction can occur to sour, sweet, salty foods.

Experts note that the pathology most often occurs in middle-aged patients between 30 and 50 years old. The problem can develop for a very long time, over 10-15 years. If it is not dealt with, then a person runs the risk that the enamel layer of the teeth will be erased or worn out completely, and open areas of dentin will appear, which will make the smile unattractive and cause pain.

Methods to combat the problem

What to do if you have transparent teeth? The best decision is to go to a dentist. Most often, experts suggest a series of strengthening procedures. It’s even better to carry them out on an ongoing basis, namely, every six months or even more often (up to 3-4 times a year according to indications). If the problem is more serious, and it is no longer possible to cope with tissue strengthening alone, then doctors offer various methods of prosthetics.

So, we list the main methods that dentists offer to correct the situation.

Simple and deep fluoridation

The enamel is transparent due to the fact that it thins and becomes more fragile due to demineralization. Therefore, the first thing dentists suggest doing to solve the problem is to saturate it with useful substances and microelements, due to which its strength will increase, it will become thicker and stronger, and its protective properties will increase. Fluoride-based preparations help with this, with the help of which you can carry out both simple and deep fluoridation.

In addition, fluoridated compounds can stop or slow down the process of leaching calcium from hard tissues; they neutralize harmful bacteria found in the oral cavity. Another advantage of the procedure is that before it, most clinics will definitely carry out professional cleaning of the oral cavity from hard and soft bacterial plaque, which can contribute to the deterioration of the properties and qualities of the enamel, causing caries, gingivitis and other dental diseases.

“You should not use fluoride products at home. Firstly, it is unsafe; fluoride, if used irrationally or incorrectly, can harm the mucous membranes, teeth and the entire body. Secondly, before applying any useful strengthening composition, the enamel must be prepared so that it becomes more receptive and receives maximum benefit. To do this, before the fluoridation or remineralization procedure, you need to have your teeth cleaned of plaque and tartar,” says E.V. Valova, dental hygienist.

Course of remineralizing procedures

Teeth become transparent, but you don’t know how to correct the situation? It is possible to restore and strengthen hard tissues not only through fluoridation, but also through remineralization. In essence, these two procedures are very similar, but the products used to treat enamel differ in their composition.

Remineralizing gels contain not only fluoride, which strengthens and protects, but also other useful components that restore the balance of nutrients in hard tissues: vitamins and minerals, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. It will be better if the drug is prescribed by a doctor based on the clinical situation.

The best effect is achieved by a course consisting of 7-14 procedures, during which remineralizing gel applications are performed. It is best if the product is first placed in trays specially made for teeth. The procedures can be carried out at home, but only after consultation with a specialist.

On a note! Today there are a large number of remineralizing preparations, pastes and gels. Some of them can be used at home. Some of the more affordable and high-quality pastes include ROCS Medical Minerals and Active Calcium pastes. Expensive, but quite effective - Tooth Mousse (it is suitable for both children and adults). For children, you can also buy Splat Junior foam with milk enzymes; it can be used from the age of 3 years.

Enamel implantation

We are sure that before this you only heard about dental implantation, but in fact today there is also such a procedure as enamel implantation. It is carried out if there are demineralized areas, hypersensitivity of hard tissues, superficial caries, and cracks in the enamel.

The procedure involves applying specialized products with a synthetic composition to the surface of the teeth. For example, InnoDent - the drug is successfully used both in children in the Junior series and in adults in the Repair series. These products trigger the process of natural regeneration of living tissues. After application, they are embedded at the molecular level into the enamel and dentin. Within a month after use, the appearance of teeth is transformed, damaged areas are restored, the strength of living tissues and their protective properties are enhanced.

Composite restorations

In cases where the defect greatly spoils the external aesthetics of the smile, and the patient also has other complaints about the tooth enamel, in addition to increased transparency, doctors can offer you a solution to the problem using more drastic methods.

The most budget option is composite building or installation of therapeutic veneers. The specialist will perform the procedure in one visit, right in your mouth. The service life of such artistic restoration is insignificant - 2-5 years. But you will get rid of problems in a comprehensive manner and will be able to correct minor flaws in your smile: slight curvature, color, hide chips and cracks.

Veneering/lumineering

For those who want their smile to be like new not for 2-3 years, but much longer, it is better to choose ceramic veneers or original lumineers to hide external defects and the transparency of the enamel. Their service life is 10 years or more. In addition, thin linings will protect against increased sensitivity, temperature changes and discomfort, caries, and the appearance of cracks and chips.

Prosthetics with crowns

This option is the most extreme. For those whose process has gone too far, the enamel is worn away and the teeth begin to rapidly deteriorate. Crowns made from various materials will help recreate a natural look, correct anatomical shape, restore chewing function and your desire to smile openly at others.

Preventive measures

At home, to inhibit the development of transparency, you need:

brush your teeth in the morning and evening and rinse your mouth after each meal;
include foods rich in minerals and vitamins in your diet;
consume less sugar and quit the habit of chewing gum;
change the brush regularly;
Do not use toothpaste containing whitening elements.

Also read: Metal-free ceramics - when to use metal-free crowns, their types

The listed methods help not to aggravate the problem and stop its development.

The brush must be of medium hardness. In some cases, it should be with a soft cleansing base. This will help avoid abrasion of the enamel layer during the cleaning process.

If you tend to have naturally translucent tooth enamel, you should avoid using an electric brush. This is explained by the high probability of injury, as the degree of mechanical impact on the protective layer of the teeth increases. To restore health, the help of specialists is necessary. The protective layer of enamel is quite difficult to effectively restore at home, using only folk recipes. Therefore, it is very important to follow the recommendations of your doctor and strictly follow the prescribed procedures. This is the only way to stop tooth decay and always have a beautiful smile.