Can your throat get red when teething?

Teething is a process characterized by the axial movement of teeth from a non-functional position (from the bone jaw tissue) to a functional position (on the surface of the alveolar process and gums). Most often, the formation of a temporary bite causes a lot of inconvenience, not only to the baby, but also to his worried parents. In this article from the “Pediatric Dentistry” section, we will try to figure out in what order baby teeth erupt, and what symptoms accompany the development of this process.

Teething: sequence and timing

Normally, teething in babies occurs according to the scheme below:

• central incisors: at 6 months. – in the lower dentition, at 8 months. – on the upper jaw;
• lateral incisors: at 10 months. – in the top row, at 11-13 months. – on the lower jaw;
• first molars (at one year of age);
• canines in the upper row (1 year 4 months);
• canines in the bottom row (1 year 6 months);
• second molars on both jaws (2 years).

The timing of the appearance of the first teeth can vary under the influence of many factors, including:

• toxicosis during pregnancy;
• the presence of Rh conflict;
• prematurity;
• receiving intracranial injury during childbirth;
• infectious diseases;
• congenital hypothyroidism;
• rickets;
• pathology of the pituitary gland;
• neonatal sepsis;
• refusal to breastfeed the baby;
• noticeable weakening of the immune system.

It has been proven that in first-born children, teething occurs much earlier than in infants born at a later time. Boys' first teeth appear later than in girls, while in children of old-time mothers - significantly earlier than in babies born to young parents.

Principles of seizure therapy

Convulsive conditions in children require close monitoring by neurologists. Treatment of seizures is carried out in an inpatient department. It is aimed at normalizing metabolic processes in the child’s body and eliminating pathological processes in the brain. Drug therapy is selected for each child individually and depends on the type of seizures and the cause of their occurrence.

If a generalized (full-blown) seizure occurs, it is necessary to call an ambulance, since the child must be given sedatives and anticonvulsants. Before the doctors arrive, the baby should be undressed and freed from diapers. If the attack drags on, the baby is hospitalized in the intensive care unit for further emergency measures.

Unfortunately, even complex therapy does not always guarantee complete recovery, but timely contact with specialists can prevent complications and reduce the duration of the rehabilitation period.

Teething symptoms

There is an opinion that the appearance of the first teeth is accompanied by the development of a whole complex of pathological processes (fever, the appearance of a rash, abnormal stool, vomiting, convulsions, etc.). In fact, the formation of a temporary bite is a natural process that is not characterized by the symptoms described above. Pathologies detected during the teething period are most often manifestations of infectious diseases or a consequence of changes in diet.

In particular, factors that can lead to the appearance of unpleasant symptoms include:

• introduction of artificial complementary foods;
• hypovitaminosis;
• acute viral infections;
• stomatitis;
• tonsillitis;
• runny nose;
• otitis;
• vaccination, etc.

The true symptoms of teething are:

• hyperemia and gradual swelling of the gums;
• the appearance of a small bluish hematoma on the gum tissue;
• slight bleeding from the gums;
• wet cough;
• mild itching caused by mechanical irritation of sensitive nerve fibers in the gum tissue;
• increased salivation;
• various somnological disorders;
• sharp deterioration in appetite;
• tearfulness, capriciousness.

The danger of redness of the throat during this period

During teething, the baby's body weakens and becomes vulnerable to pathogenic bacteria or colds.

When a baby is teething, the child endlessly puts various objects into his mouth, which are not always sterilely clean. It introduces an infection and hyperemia of the tonsils occurs (tonsillitis, pharyngitis, sore throat occur), this is a very dangerous disease for such young children.

If some symptoms intensify and last more than 2-3 days (fever, red sore throat, runny nose with yellow or green discharge, cough or wheezing in the chest), you should consult a pediatrician.

Redness in the throat of a baby may be a sign of diseases:

• mechanical, thermal damage;
• tonsillitis;
• pharyngitis;
• laryngitis;
• tonsillitis;
• allergic reaction;
• ARVI;
• acute respiratory infections;
• diseases of the stomach, esophagus;
• problems with the nasopharynx.

First aid for teething

When baby teeth appear, the baby may require not only parental care, but also medical attention. The dentist may recommend that parents use anesthetic dental gels and treat the affected areas of the gums with decoctions of sage, oak bark or soda solution. If the pain is severe, the baby may be prescribed paracetamol, ibuprofen and other systemic painkillers.

To ease the discomfort that a child experiences when teething, it is necessary to use teethers - specialized devices made of rubber or plastic that the baby can bite and gnaw on without risking damage to the soft gum tissue. In addition, it is advisable to regularly massage the child’s gums with a finger wrapped in a clean, damp bandage.

Wisdom tooth is cutting and gums are swollen

Pain and slight swelling can be physiological and caused by the impact of sharp bumps on the soft gum tissue. They can also be a symptom of a pathological process that develops due to lack of space for the normal eruption of the eighth tooth. As a result, the G8's growth is going in the wrong direction. A hood is formed over the crown, under which microparticles of food that cannot be removed by traditional hygiene methods fall, and an inflammatory process develops.

What to do if your wisdom tooth is cutting out and your gums are swollen? If your gums or cheeks are swollen, you need to go to the clinic.

Intense pain and tumor growth on the gums can signal various pathological processes:

• pericoronitis;
• purulent inflammation, abscess, phlegmon;
• periodontitis;
• granuloma, cyst.

If you have a problem similar to that described in this article, be sure to contact our specialists. Don't diagnose yourself!

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There are often situations when a wisdom tooth is cut and the cheek is swollen. This usually happens if the inflammatory process begins to spread to soft tissue. A swollen cheek is a sign of the progress of purulent inflammation, and it is dangerous to further delay contacting a periodontist. In most such cases, the “eight” will have to be removed.

Caring for emerging teeth

Teething is an absolute reason for making the first visit to the pediatric dentist. During the consultation, the doctor identifies all deviations in the structure of the child’s dental apparatus, assesses the condition of the frenulum of his lips and tongue, draws up a dental care plan and a plan for preventive visits to the dental clinic.

It is advisable to brush emerging teeth twice a day. Initially, you should use a baby silicone brush or a small piece of gauze without toothpaste for cleaning. A regular toothbrush can be used when the child is one year old, and toothpaste when he reaches two years of age. In addition, it is important to pay attention to the process of enamel mineralization. In particular, it is necessary to limit the consumption of sweets and include foods enriched with calcium, phosphorus and ascorbic acid in the baby’s diet.

How to avoid developing seizures: preventive measures

Recommendations for preventing seizures in your baby include the following:

• Even before the birth of the heir, the mother must take care of his well-being. To reduce the risk of developing convulsive disorders in the unborn child, the gynecologist prescribes folic acid supplements to the woman (2-3 months before the expected day of conception).
• A pregnant woman should protect herself from exposure to infectious and other negative external factors.
• During pregnancy and breastfeeding, it is contraindicated to take medications without a doctor's prescription.

Convulsive syndrome is a dangerous condition for the health and life of children that requires the help of competent specialists. To detect pathology and avoid irreversible complications in your baby, contact the Edkarik clinic in Kaliningrad. A pediatric neurologist will carefully examine the child, prescribe a full range of necessary examinations and, based on their results, select adequate treatment.

Questions and answers - Temperature in a child

Izyakov Dmitry Nikolaevich

Pediatrician

April 25, 2021

In 2015, in the series of clinical recommendations of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia, the collection “Feverish Child” was published. Diagnostic and treatment protocols." It revises some points regarding the actions of doctors and parents when the temperature rises in children with various diseases. In this article, I tried to collect answers to the most frequently asked questions by parents, taking into account modern recommendations and practical experience.

What temperature is a reason to panic?

What you don't need is panic. According to modern data, only temperatures above 40 degrees can harm children with chronic diseases.

Initially healthy children tolerate high fever without health consequences. A healthy child is simply not able to heat himself up to dangerous levels. But it can be heated this way from the outside, by wrong actions. For example, with a normal fever, cover with a blanket when the air temperature in the room is above 22°C. But this is no longer a fever, but hyperthermia, a condition in which you need to call an ambulance. The main difference is that antipyretics and rubdowns do not help.

But does a high temperature indicate a dangerous disease?

In children, it is not the thermometer numbers that indicate danger. It is not the temperature that is dangerous, but the disease that caused it. A high temperature can also occur with an uncomplicated acute respiratory viral infection, which will subside in 2-3 days. Or in case of a safe childhood infection - sudden exanthema, also called: roseola, three-day fever, temperature is often 40-41°C. And with a dangerous disease, meningitis, it can often not exceed 39.5. There are also dangerous diseases accompanied by fever. This is what requires calling an ambulance:

• age up to 3 months
• the appearance, along with cold hands and feet, of a “marble” pattern on “goose bumps”
• absence of visible signs of illness, except for elevated temperature in a child under 3 years of age
• maintaining a temperature above 38.5 on the 4th day of illness with the appearance of rapid breathing
• skin rash that does not blanching when pressed with a finger
• inability to press the chin to the chest and/or bulging fontanelle
• abdominal pain
• pain in the legs and/or arms
• the temperature 2 hours after taking the antipyretic drug became higher, this is a sign of overheating - hyperthermia.

What about cramps?

They are observed in approximately four children out of a hundred and do not directly depend on the height of the temperature rise. In addition, they are not hazardous to health, although they undoubtedly frighten parents very much. Help for febrile seizures is to turn your head to the side and provide access to fresh air. All necessary medications are administered by an ambulance doctor, who must be called and met by another adult.

And is there really nothing dangerous about high temperatures?

Yes, this is dehydration - loss of fluid due to evaporation through breathing and sweat. When a child has a fever, it is difficult to persuade a child to drink, but it is at this moment that he needs it.

What about cold hands and feet?

Most often, this is a short-term phenomenon that does not require medical intervention and does not pose a threat to health.

How much do you need to lower the temperature?

1-1.5 degrees is enough, because only by raising the temperature does the child’s body fight infection.

At what thermometer readings should antipyretics be given?

I give general recommendations; you need to consult with the doctor who is treating your particular child.

• In children under 3 months of age - from 38°C
• In children older than 3 months who do not have chronic diseases - from 39°C
• In children with diseases of the brain, heart and lungs - from 38.5°C

Are these numbers the only basis?

No. The numbers on the thermometer do not matter when starting to take an antipyretic if the child:

• does not tolerate high temperatures very well, behaves restlessly
• has a “marbled” pattern on pale “goose bumps”
• trembles, he gets chills

What medications should I use?

Only based on ibuprofen and paracetamol, the names of the active substance are always indicated on the packaging under the antipyretic brand.

Why don't they help?

The most common reason is incorrect dosage, calculating the dose based on the child’s age and not on the weight of the child. The second common cause is dehydration. Third - the child is dressed too warmly, covered, the room is warm.

What dose should I give?

The most popular antipyretic based on ibuprofen is “Nurofen for children” in the form of syrup. You need to divide the child's weight in kilograms in half. For example, if the weight is 10 kg, then 10:2 = 5 ml of children's Nurofen and should be given to him. This dose can be repeated no earlier than 8 hours have passed.

The most successful antipyretic in terms of release form is “Efferalgan” syrup for children with the active ingredient paracetamol. Its measuring spoon allows you to take the dose of medicine directly by weight, without calculating it in mg.

All other drugs “Panadol”, “Calpol”, “Paracetamol” syrup, etc. require mathematical operations, multiplying the weight by 0.6. For example, if a child weighs 10 kg, then 10 * 0.6 = 6 ml of Panadol should be given. This dose can be repeated after 6 hours.

Is it possible to alternate them?

It is possible, but at least 2 hours should pass between taking paracetamol and ibuprofen. If taken together, there is a risk of kidney damage.

Why not other medications for fever?

Medical studies have not revealed any real benefits from other drugs, but they have identified the harm of each:

• “No-spa” has no effect on cold hands and feet, but it has a list of side effects.
• "Analgin" is dangerous for the development of loss of consciousness and should not be used by parents without the presence of ambulance and emergency services workers.
• Nise caused liver damage in one of the 250 patients who took it
• Aspirin can cause liver and brain damage in children

How much fluid do you need to drink to reduce your temperature?

For every kilogram of weight, a child needs to drink 4 ml per hour. That is, if a child weighs 10 kg, then every hour he should drink at least 10 * 4 = 40 ml.

Is it possible to wipe?

After taking an antipyretic, you can wipe with water at a temperature 1-2 degrees lower than the child’s body temperature. That is, if it is 40 °C, then the water temperature should be 38-39 °C. You need to wipe all areas of the skin that are hot to the touch, leaving them wet until dry. Then measure the temperature again. A decrease of 1-1.5 degrees is enough to stop the procedure.

What to do with cold hands and feet?

They need to be carefully warmed, gently rubbing until the skin becomes slightly red, using wool, a terry towel, or just your palms.

How long to expect the effect of antipyretic and rubdown?

Two hours. If the temperature has not decreased, then a second antipyretic should be given, and rubbing and drinking should continue for another 2 hours. If the temperature has not decreased and/or has increased, call an ambulance.

How can the ambulance help?

Assess the child’s condition and determine whether hospitalization is necessary in this case. Provide assistance by injecting medications and medical methods to reduce the child’s temperature. It is for fever, in fact, it is needed in a very small percentage of cases, the ineffectiveness of antipyretics associated with hyperthermia - a condition complicating fever, when the child is not able to give off body heat.

How to measure temperature correctly?

Measuring armpit temperature with a mercury glass thermometer in children has already been recognized as the least preferable due to the danger of breaking it. It was replaced by electronic and infrared thermometers. Few people know, but to obtain a result comparable to a mercury thermometer, the electronic one must be under the armpit for the same time. That is, 5 minutes if the child was at room temperature. And 10 minutes if it was at a lower temperature before measurement.

Why do electronic thermometers show lower temperatures?

The reasons are clear: loose pressure, measurement less than 5 minutes, sweat, spasm of skin blood vessels, low battery, lack of factory settings for measuring skin temperature. These thermometers can be used subject to correction. To do this, an adult without a fever puts an electronic one under one armpit and a mercury one under the other. Measures 5 minutes and compares. For example, we received 35.6 and 36.6, respectively. In subsequent electronic measurements you will add 1 degree.

Which thermometer is better?

The temple area has a temperature equal to the axillary one. To measure it, infrared thermometers are used. This is the most optimal method for parents today. For proper use, you need much fewer subtleties: wipe the sweat from your temple, remove your hair, hold it at the correct distance (indicated in the instructions), change the battery on time, set up to measure the temperature of the temporal region (also written in the instructions). The use of other thermometers: nipple, ear, forehead strips is fraught with measurement errors in the direction of underestimation or false increase.

How often should I measure my temperature?

A child with a fever needs temperature control:

• every 6 hours unless antipyretics are required
• every 4 hours when used effectively
• every 2 hours if use is ineffective.

For a child with normal temperature, but with an acute illness, measure every 12 hours in the evening. For a healthy child at risk of an acute illness due to contact or an increase in temperature for vaccination, according to the condition, for control, measure once a day, in the evening. Healthy children without risk of illness do not need it.

When does a child start teething - table

From 4 to 7 months is the age when most children develop their first teeth. The sequence of their eruption is visible from the table.

The appearance of all 20 baby teeth occurs by the age of 3. But this process is individual, so small deviations in one direction or another should not cause anxiety in parents. If you are still concerned about early or late teething, then check this point with your pediatrician.

Factors influencing the timing of eruption:

• the nutritional pattern of the expectant mother;
• water quality;
• baby food ration;
• climatic living conditions;
• heredity.

There is usually nothing wrong with teething. But still, most children at this time experience discomfort and become restless.